Technical SectionPhone: 516-328-3970www.technocnc.com11ColletsThere are two basic types of collets, half-grip and full-grip (see top right). Half-grip collets are identified by slitsrunning from the bottom (or mouth) of the collet toward thetop for about 80% of the collet length. This type of colletgrips the router bit at the mouth of the collet. Half-grip colletis the simpler of the two collet types, and is ideally used withshorter shank tools where the shank would not fill the entirelength of the collet. Full-grip collets have slits running upfrom the bottom and down from the top, again for about 80%Pull StudNote: This is a maintenance itemand should be replaced every 6months.HSK Tool HolderNote: Always makesure the tool holderand collet nut arerated for theappropriate spindlerpm. Improperselection will causespindle bearingfailure.ISO Tool HolderCollet and Spindle DefinitionsColletNote: Only a completed collet andcollet nut assembly should bescrewed onto a tool holder.Collet NutRouter BitNote: Always make sure the routerbit is properly balanced for theappropriate spindle rpm. Improperselection will cause spindle failure.of the collet length. This type of collet grips the tool evenlyover the entire length of the collet and tends to have moreflexibility, which results in ranged or universal colletsizes. This means that a specific collet size can hold arange of tool sizes (typically inch and close metric sizes).Collets are made from spring steel, and regular usagecauses loss of elasticity and the need to replace them moreoften. It is recommended to use collets designed for specificsize tools, as requiring the collet to expand for too-largetools or compress for too-small tools will shorten the lifeexpectancy of the collet.Proper Tool ColletingInstallation of the tool in the collet and collet nut isequally important. To prevent unnecessary strain on thecollet and to ensure a proper fit, only use a collet designedto fit your tool shank diameter. In addition, the tools fluteshould not extend into the collet; doing so can score theinside of the surface, as well as force debris into the collet,putting the entire assembly off-balance and potentiallydamaging the spindle. The graphic below illustrates thecorrect and incorrect installation. Please note that theseillustrations are designed to show proper insertion of thetool into the collet, and do not show the collet nut.Half-GripColletFull-GripColletCutting fluteis outside ofcollet.Tool shankfills 80% ofcollet.CORRECTCutting fluteis inside ofcollet.Tool shankdoesn't fill80% ofcollet.INCORRECT